Generative artificial intelligence is artificial intelligence that is capable of generating text, images, videos or other data using generative models. As a ‘horizontal’ technology, AI can be applied across all sectors of our economy. This is particularly true for general purpose AI (GPAI). Since GPAI models can be adapted to specific contexts with little additional effort, they can be used by various actors along the entire value chain of the global economy, drawing attention to the entire value chain and downstream use cases, distinguishing them from other AI systems. The GPAI value chain includes data providers, the companies who develop the relevant models, those who provide services built on these models, the investors and the end-users. With the upcoming adoption of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act and in order to ensure successful implementation, it is vital to proactively assess the risks and opportunities that are emerging from general purpose on artificial intelligence and thus understand the complex value chain of these models.
Given this context and the significance of the topic, CEPS will provide a study with an expansive overview of the GPAI value chain in the European Single Market with a specific focus on data providers, model developers, product and service providers, investors and users in key sectors. Further, we will carry out deep dives into three sectors of European competitiveness, as well as include a reflection on risks and opportunities of the widespread uptake of GPAI in the European Single Market, and European strengths and weaknesses vis-à-vis other global players. The final result will be a list of proactive policy recommendations, as well as recommendations on the role of civil society organisations in the implementation and enforcement of the AI Act. The overall objective of the research activities is to propose a way forward after the adoption of the AI Act for consideration of the EESC.
