As the EU grapples with successive crises, there is mounting pressure to develop swift and robust crisis response mechanisms. This study, divided into two parts, aims to enrich this discourse by examining four instruments – SURE, CRII, CRII+ and REACT-EU – introduced as a response to the pandemic.
Building on Part 1, which draws lessons from the implementation of CRII, CRII+, REACT-EU and SURE (and can be found here), Part 2 of this study explores alternative approaches to enhance the EU budget’s capacity to respond to crises and discusses the implications of these options from the point of view of control and accountability.
