Climate Change


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25 January 2012

From 2006 to 2011, the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (APP) provided a non-legally binding framework based on a public-private partnership to support projects towards clean development and climate objectives in seven countries in the region. The seven partner countries concluded that the APP activities were successful and could lead to other successes in similar initiatives with similar working formats.



To achieve the objectives of the 2000 Water Framework Directive, it is generally recognized by the EU and member state governments as well as the broader stakeholder community that a more comprehensive policy response will be needed in general, with particular attention to water management.  Such a comprehensive approach is currently being discussed within the context of the ‘Blueprint to safeguard Europe’s Water’ that is currently being prepared by the European Commission to be ready by November 2012.  While the ‘Blueprint’ is an initiative in its ow



 

CEPS Carbon Market Forum

22 December 2011

In his assessment of the recent agreements struck during the COP 17 negotiations in Durban, November 29th to December 9th, Andrei Marcu concludes in this new CEPS Commentary that global climate change is approaching a new crossroads.



Just one year before the end of the Kyoto Protocol First Commitment Period of the Kyoto Protocol, the Durban COP will provide indications of the post 2012 direction, the future of the KP and its mechanisms, CDM and JI, and the new mechanisms that are emerging? How do the results from the Durban COP affect the EU policy and action on climate change? Will it impact the EU ETS, the cap and eligibility of instruments for compliance?



The transition to a competitive low carbon economy is a prime objective of EU energy policy. Increasing the share of electricity generated from RES is essential for reaching this target. Indeed, significant RES-E generation capacity additions are planned all across Europe. In Northern Europe (including the Nordic and Baltic States, Germany, the UK, Poland, the Netherlands and Belgium) a large part of this new capacity will be variable wind energy.



This project focused on the possible contribution of sectoral approaches to optimally set a cap on GHG emissions and allocate allowances under the cap. CEPS studied steps involved in cap setting and allocation, and their application to policies. This project was built upon research outcomes of the 2007-2008 project and closed the two-year project cycle financed by ESRI.

 



CEPS was a member of a consortium led by the Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) with partner organizations including Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftforschung (ZEW) in Mannheim, Germany, Institut du développement durable et des relations internationals (IDDRI) in Paris, Climate Change Capital (CCC) in London. This sectoral study was a proof of concept project that analyses the potential of sectoral approaches to address climate change.



As the contractor for this study CEPS analysed, together with ZEW, the relationships between public expenditures/revenues and the costs of adaptation, reflecting on the distributional aspects of adaptation and building a conceptual framework aiding policy makers in their public finances strategy.

 



The aim of the APRAISE project (FP7) is to improve the decision basis for EU and national policy makers for selecting an efficient environmental policy mix leading to the transition towards a sustainable European society. APRAISE aims to provide policy makers with an improved understanding of the efficiency, effectiveness and efficacy of existing and potential environmental policies impacts and their interactions at both the European and Member State level.

 



The objective of the project is to inform EU stakeholders on the state of climate policies in India, so that the debates can be based on facts rather than perceptions, and in the spirit of bolstering EU support for an ambitious deal at and after the COP15 in Copenhagen in December 2009. CEPS prepared a policy brief on India’s climate policies and proposals in cooperation with Indian researchers, and conducted EU-level outreach activities. The outreach activities centres on the CEPS paper as well as the paper published by the Prayas Energy Group in India.

 



As part of a framework contract to provide external expertise on energy and climate change policy, this study provided background information and advice for the European Parliament ITRE Committee on measures and actions to be undertaken in the field of new renewable technologies. It assessed the ripeness of new renewable technologies and their deployment potentials, moreover markets and industry structures as well as barriers were analysed.



CEPS is a member of a consortium led by ICEDD, Namur, and which includes TNO in Delft, and Perspectives Climate Change, Hamburg which can be called upon by the ENVI Committee of the European Parliament to provide advice in the area of climate change.

 



The project identifies how the existing and forthcoming technologies and service managed and provided by the ESA relate, assist and if possible enhance EU climate change policy objectives in general and in relationship to the 2020 strategy in particular.

 



The project, supported by the Mission of Norway, focused on the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and its links to emissions reductions and innovation. The outputs of the project were:

A lunchtime meeting presenting the interim results of the research, held in CEPS on 1 December 2010, which included introductory remarks by the Norwegian Mission Ambassador, a presentation of the research results by Christian Egenhofer, and comments by Yvon Slingenberg, DG Climate Action, and Folker Franz, BusinessEurope



This project has three main objectives: 1. Analyse EU and US energy technology road maps, the potential for synergies and opportunities for harmonisation, with the focus on energy R&D aimed at enhanced energy efficiency; 2. Identify joint EU‐US approaches to supporting emerging economies’ own efforts to embrace energy efficient and low carbon technologies; 3. Set the above in the context of the current global economic climate, and the respective EU, US and emerging countries’ actions for economic revival.



A new initiative by the “Institute of Sustainable Development and International Relations” (IDDRI), the Centre for European and Policy Studies (CEPS) and the Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) will take up the challenge to discuss with key policymakers and selected stakeholders the costs and benefits of pursuing the EU ‘climate leadership’ with a particular view to designing both politically and economically viable mid- and long-term strategies.



This project aims to i) assess the merits and shortcomings of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) according to a set of criteria, ii) inform action at both UN and EU levels to improve the current CDM system and explore a transition from the CDM to sectoral mechanisms, iii) to address these issues particularly in large hydro and energy intensive sectors. This project is led by AEA in collaboration with CEPS, the Stockholm Environment Institute, and CO2logic.

 



 This project intends to identify success factors and lessons learned from the Asia-Pacific Partnership (APP) for a future initiative at international level. It consisted of an on-line survey and of questionnaires and interviews with government representatives and stakeholders.



CEPS participates in a consortium under this large-scale integrated projected funded by the EU under the 7th Framework Programme for a period of 48 months. 33 partners, from 17 different countries, from 4 continents will study the interactions between land-use and land-cover changes, socioeconomic changes and climate change. The objectives will be, first, to understand how these factors interacted in the past to produce forest fires and, second, to model future changes in all these components to produce the best available projections on how forest fires might change in the coming decades.



 Climate policy needs to aim at ambitious long-term climate stabilization. This will require managing the transition from carbon intensive to low carbon economies within this century. For the transition to be sustainable, it must not impede economic development and avoid environmental side effects. Research on mitigation pathways to a low carbon society and the associated mitigation costs is indispensable for informing policy makers.

21 September 2011

This Policy Brief summarises the emerging regulations at the national level in the US, and offers an assessment of potential emissions reductions under the Clean Air Act. It also describes the efforts at the subnational level, and the interaction of these policies with the Clean Air Act under the particular structure of so-called ‘environmental federalism’. This structure places central responsibility for implementation of regulations at the state level, making the architecture of existing state-level policies increasingly relevant and influential.

21 September 2011

Stabilising global greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations at levels to avoid significant climate risks will require massive ‘decarbonisation’ over the next few decades. Achieving the necessary scale of emissions reductions will require well-thought out strategies and a multifaceted policy effort to support a broad array of technological and behavioural changes. This paper outlines some core principles for guiding the design of clean technology policies, with a focus on energy



According to the EU ETS Directive (Art. 1), the objective of the ETS is to “promote GHG reductions in a cost-effective and economically efficient manner”. Hence, the over-arching objective is cost-effective achievement of a politically given target. By some, including most conventional economists this is construed as a call for the lowest possible EU allowance price, for example allowing the use of as many offsets as possible – provided they reflect real reductions to reach a given objective.

29 June 2011

Space-based observation can provide vital data about the impact of climate change, as well as serve as an essential tool for monitoring the progress of actions implemented to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This space-based research can support EU policy on climate change, both domestically and internationally.



Webpages covering specific topics:

09 February 2011

This policy-focused Global Environmental and Human Security Handbook for the Anthropo-cene (GEHSHA) addresses new security threats, challenges, vulnerabilities and risks posed by global environmental change and disasters. In 6 forewords, 5 preface essays 95 peer reviewed chapters, authoritative specialists analyse the major concepts of military and political hard security and economic, social, environmental soft security with a regional focus on the Near East, North and Sub-Sahara Africa and Asia and on hazards in urban centres.

12 January 2011

With the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) now entering in its seventh year of operation, this report takes stock of the largest multi-sector greenhouse gas trading scheme in the world. It reviews the experiences of the pilot phase from 2005-07, assesses the adjustments introduced in the second phase (2008-12) and looks ahead to the radical changes that will come into effect in the third phase starting in 2013. The assessment is based on a literature review of recently published ex-post analyses and ex-ante studies and draws as well on our own calculations.

05 January 2011

Transport is the only sector in the EU in which greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise. Unless this trend can be reversed, the EU will have little chance of reaching its objectives in the context of global obligations on industrialised countries to reduce emissions between 80% and 95% by 2050 compared to 1990. Many different solutions exist, including, for example, new technology such as electrification of road transport, modal shift, optimising existing technologies and policy measures and more radical measures such as binding GHG emissions targets.