Gender Difference in Retirement Income and Pension Policy - Simulating the Effects of Various DB and DC Schemes
This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
| Attachment | Size | Hits | Last download |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1695.pdf | 261.2 KB | 365 | 9 hours 30 min ago |
This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
978-92-9079-807-1-en-1522
[list_price] => 0.00000 [cost] => 0.00000 [sell_price] => 12.00000 [weight] => 300 [weight_units] => g [length] => 0 [width] => 0 [height] => 0 [length_units] => cm [pkg_qty] => 0 [default_qty] => 1 [unique_hash] => 6663273c4d2d5cbb6f5af120c2896873 [ordering] => 0 [shippable] => 1 [tags] => Array ( ) [path] => book/gender-difference-retirement-income-and-pension-policy-simulating-effects-various-db-and-dc-sch [field_book_isbn] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 978-92-9079-807-1 [safe] => 978-92-9079-807-1 ) ) [field_price] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 12 ) ) [field_book_series] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 101 [safe] => 101 ) ) [field_book_number] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 59 [safe] => 59 [view] => 59 ) ) [field_book_short_title] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [field_book_author_external] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Michele Belloni and Elsa Fornero [safe] => Michele Belloni and Elsa Fornero ) ) [field_book_old_path] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 1695 [safe] => 1695 ) ) [field_book_downloads] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 269 [safe] => 269 ) ) [field_book_pages] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 21 [view] => 21 ) ) [field_book_price_pdf] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 0.00 ) ) [field_book_published] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 2008-08-25 00:00:00 [timezone] => Europe/Brussels [timezone_db] => Europe/Brussels [date_type] => datetime ) ) [field_book_publication_date] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 2008-08-25T00:00:00 [timezone] => Europe/Brussels [timezone_db] => Europe/Brussels [date_type] => date [view] => 25 August 2008 ) ) [field_book_author] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [nid] => [view] => ) ) [field_image_cache] => Array ( [0] => ) [field_type] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => BOOK [format] => [safe] =>BOOK
[view] => Printed book ) [1] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) [2] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [print_display] => 1 [print_display_comment] => 0 [print_display_urllist] => 1 [signup] => 0 [uc_order_product_id] => [0] => [taxonomy] => Array ( [taxonomy_term_23] => Array ( [title] => Justice and Home Affairs [href] => taxonomy/term/23 [attributes] => Array ( [rel] => tag [title] => ) ) [taxonomy_term_101] => Array ( [title] => ENEPRI Research Reports [href] => catalog/101 [attributes] => Array ( [rel] => tag [title] => Produced by the European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes, which is composed of leading socio-economic research institutes from throughout the EU and managed by CEPS, this series presents the findings and conclusions of research undertaken in the context of ENEPRI research projects. ) ) ) [files] => Array ( [1593] => stdClass Object ( [fid] => 1593 [uid] => 1 [filename] => 1695.pdf [filepath] => files/book/1695.pdf [filemime] => application/pdf [filesize] => 267472 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 2009-09-09 16:10:51 [nid] => 1522 [vid] => 1522 [description] => 1695.pdf [list] => 1 [weight] => 0 ) ) [flatrate] => Array ( ) [shipping_type] => small_package [shipping_address] => stdClass Object ( [first_name] => Radoslav [last_name] => Minkov [company] => CEPS [street1] => place du Congres 1 [street2] => [city] => Brussels [zone] => 94 [postal_code] => 1000 [country] => 56 [phone] => ) [usps] => [weightquote] => Array ( ) [build_mode] => 0 [readmore] => 1 [content] =>This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
| Attachment | Size | Hits | Last download |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1695.pdf | 261.2 KB | 365 | 9 hours 30 min ago |
This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
978-92-9079-807-1-en-1522
[list_price] => 0.00000 [cost] => 0.00000 [sell_price] => 12.00000 [weight] => 300 [weight_units] => g [length] => 0 [width] => 0 [height] => 0 [length_units] => cm [pkg_qty] => 0 [default_qty] => 1 [unique_hash] => 6663273c4d2d5cbb6f5af120c2896873 [ordering] => 0 [shippable] => 1 [tags] => Array ( ) [path] => book/gender-difference-retirement-income-and-pension-policy-simulating-effects-various-db-and-dc-sch [field_book_isbn] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 978-92-9079-807-1 [safe] => 978-92-9079-807-1 ) ) [field_price] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 12 ) ) [field_book_series] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 101 [safe] => 101 ) ) [field_book_number] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 59 [safe] => 59 [view] => 59 ) ) [field_book_short_title] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [field_book_author_external] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => Michele Belloni and Elsa Fornero [safe] => Michele Belloni and Elsa Fornero ) ) [field_book_old_path] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 1695 [safe] => 1695 ) ) [field_book_downloads] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 269 [safe] => 269 ) ) [field_book_pages] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 21 [view] => 21 ) ) [field_book_price_pdf] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 0.00 ) ) [field_book_published] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 2008-08-25 00:00:00 [timezone] => Europe/Brussels [timezone_db] => Europe/Brussels [date_type] => datetime ) ) [field_book_publication_date] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => 2008-08-25T00:00:00 [timezone] => Europe/Brussels [timezone_db] => Europe/Brussels [date_type] => date [view] => 25 August 2008 ) ) [field_book_author] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [nid] => [view] => ) ) [field_image_cache] => Array ( [0] => ) [field_type] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [value] => BOOK [format] => [safe] =>BOOK
[view] => Printed book ) [1] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) [2] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [view] => ) ) [print_display] => 1 [print_display_comment] => 0 [print_display_urllist] => 1 [signup] => 0 [uc_order_product_id] => [0] => [taxonomy] => Array ( [23] => stdClass Object ( [tid] => 23 [vid] => 3 [name] => Justice and Home Affairs [description] => [weight] => 7 ) [101] => stdClass Object ( [tid] => 101 [vid] => 4 [name] => ENEPRI Research Reports [description] => Produced by the European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes, which is composed of leading socio-economic research institutes from throughout the EU and managed by CEPS, this series presents the findings and conclusions of research undertaken in the context of ENEPRI research projects. [weight] => 0 ) ) [files] => Array ( [1593] => stdClass Object ( [fid] => 1593 [uid] => 1 [filename] => 1695.pdf [filepath] => files/book/1695.pdf [filemime] => application/pdf [filesize] => 267472 [status] => 1 [timestamp] => 2009-09-09 16:10:51 [nid] => 1522 [vid] => 1522 [description] => 1695.pdf [list] => 1 [weight] => 0 ) ) [flatrate] => Array ( ) [shipping_type] => small_package [shipping_address] => stdClass Object ( [first_name] => Radoslav [last_name] => Minkov [company] => CEPS [street1] => place du Congres 1 [street2] => [city] => Brussels [zone] => 94 [postal_code] => 1000 [country] => 56 [phone] => ) [usps] => [weightquote] => Array ( ) [build_mode] => 0 [readmore] => 1 [content] => Array ( [print_links] => Array ( [#weight] => -101 [#value] => [#title] => [#description] => [#printed] => 1 ) [display_price] => Array ( [#weight] => -10 [#access] => 1 [#value] =>BOOK
[#delta] => 0 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => [#children] => Printed book ) [1] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => book [#field_name] => field_type [#weight] => 1 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [#delta] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [2] => Array ( [#formatter] => default [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type_name] => book [#field_name] => field_type [#weight] => 2 [#theme] => text_formatter_default [#item] => Array ( [value] => [format] => [safe] => [#delta] => 2 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#theme_used] => 1 [#printed] => 1 [#type] => [#value] => [#prefix] => [#suffix] => ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] => Printed book [#printed] => 1 ) [#single] => 1 [#attributes] => Array ( ) [#required] => [#parents] => Array ( ) [#tree] => [#context] => full [#page] => 1 [#field_name] => field_type [#title] => type [#access] => 1 [#label_display] => inline [#teaser] => [#node] => stdClass Object *RECURSION* [#type] => content_field [#children] => Printed book [#printed] => 1 ) [#title] => [#description] => [#children] =>| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
| 1695.pdf | 261.2 KB |
This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
| 1695.pdf | 261.2 KB |
This analysis evaluates the relative pension positions of men and women, under different characterisations of their respective working lives and pension designs. Both Defined Benefit (DB) and Defined Contribution (DC) schemes are considered, as well as a few variants of their basic pension formula, each exemplifying a stylised normative framework.
Not surprisingly, the working career is the most relevant factor in determining the relative retirement income of women with respect to men; pension systems can compensate, but only up to a point. As for a comparison between DB and DC systems, taken without explicit redistributive measures, the latter can fare better than the former in providing a more equal distribution of retirement income between men and women, because it removes the greater return to steeper earnings profiles, more characteristic of men. The introduction of a minimum pension provision in the DB system improves the relative position of women with discontinuous or poor careers, while, in DC systems, a formal recognition of women’s care activities through pension credits seems less effective than neutralising their longer life expectancy in the determination of the pension benefits using unisex longevity tables.
Related Publications
- The promotion of human security in EU security policies
- Security as a commodity: The ethical dilemmas of private security services
- Towards common standards on rights of suspected and accused persons in criminal proceedings in the EU?
- The EU and the European Security Industry: Questioning the ‘Public-Private Dialogue’
- The Union for the Mediterranean: What has it changed and what can be changed in the domain of security?
- Undocumented Immigrants and Rights in the EU: Addressing the Gap between Social Sciences Research and Policy-making
- EU Security Policies towards the Mediterranean: The Ethical Dimension – what do we know and what else should we know?
- Security Ethics: A Thin Blue-Green-Grey Line
- Made in the USA? The Influence of the US on the EU’s Data Protection Regime
- Border Security, Technology and the Stockholm Programme
Related Articles
- Tiptoeing towards a Common Criminal Law? Reflections on the EU Constitution
- Management of border controls in Europe: Towards a Common European-Border guard?
- Justice and Home Affairs
- The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights: Priorities and Challenges
- Asylum and Resettlement in the EU, does the Canadian Resettlement Program provide a model?